Python 407 Proxy Authentication Required 错误解决方案
在处理Python中遇到的"Tunnel connection failed: 407 Proxy Authentication Required"错误时,可以参考以下解决方案。这些解决方案基于搜索到的资料,涵盖了多种场景和工具的配置方法。
确保你的代理设置正确,并且包含了用户名和密码。对于包含特殊字符的密码,需要进行URL编码。
# Windows系统
set http_proxy=http://username:password@proxyAddress:port
set https_proxy=https://username:password@proxyAddress:port
# Linux/Mac系统
export http_proxy=http://username:password@proxyAddress:port
export https_proxy=https://username:password@proxyAddress:port
如果密码中有特殊字符(如@
),需要将其转义为%40
。
set http_proxy=http://username:pass%40word@proxyAddress:port
如果你使用的是requests
库,可以通过以下方式配置代理:
import requests
proxies = {
'http': 'http://username:password@proxyAddress:port',
'https': 'https://username:password@proxyAddress:port'
}
response = requests.get('https://www.example.com', proxies=proxies)
print(response.text)
如果你使用的是urllib
库,可以通过以下方式配置代理:
import urllib.request as req
proxy = req.ProxyHandler({'http': r'http://username:password@proxyAddress:port',
'https': r'https://username:password@proxyAddress:port'})
auth = req.HTTPBasicAuthHandler()
opener = req.build_opener(proxy, auth, req.HTTPHandler)
req.install_opener(opener)
conn = req.urlopen('https://www.example.com')
res = conn.read()
print(res)
如果代理服务器使用NTLM认证,可以使用python-ntlm
包:
然后在代码中使用:
import urllib2
from ntlm import HTTPNtlmAuthHandler
user = 'domain\\user'
password = "pass"
url = "http://www.example.com"
passman = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
passman.add_password(None, url, user, password)
auth_NTLM = HTTPNtlmAuthHandler.HTTPNtlmAuthHandler(passman)
opener = urllib2.build_opener(auth_NTLM)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
response = urllib2.urlopen(url)
print(response.read())
确保你的代理设置正确,并且代理服务器允许你的IP地址访问。有时候,即使用户名和密码正确,如果IP地址没有被白名单允许,也会导致407错误。
以下是一个完整的示例,展示了如何在Python中配置代理并处理407错误:
import requests
# 设置代理
proxies = {
'http': 'http://username:password@proxyAddress:port',
'https': 'https://username:password@proxyAddress:port'
}
try:
response = requests.get('https://www.example.com', proxies=proxies)
print(response.text)
except requests.exceptions.ProxyError as e:
print(f"代理错误: {e}")
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
print(f"请求错误: {e}")
总结
通过以上方法,你应该能够解决Python中遇到的"Tunnel connection failed: 407 Proxy Authentication Required"错误。如果问题仍然存在,请检查代理服务器的日志,以获取更多详细的错误信息。